False Scad

This schooling species inhabits continental shelf waters with sandy or muddy substrates, typically at depths ranging from 15 to 200 meters. Juveniles are often found in shallower inshore waters, including estuaries, lagoons, beaches, and marshes. The False Scad forms large protective schools, sometimes mingling with other semi-pelagic fishes. Its non-territorial nature and schooling behavior provide safety in numbers, reducing individual predation risk.

As a carnivorous predator, the False Scad's diet includes small fish, crustaceans such as euphausiids, shrimps, and mysids, as well as cephalopods, molluscs, and annelids. Notably, its dietary habits shift with age; younger individuals consume more crustaceans, while adults predominantly feed on small fish. Feeding activity peaks around midday, with minimal nocturnal feeding observed. This diurnal pattern aligns with the availability of prey in its habitat.

Reaching sexual maturity at approximately two years of age, the False Scad spawns in shallow inshore waters. Females, typically measuring between 29 and 35 cm, produce between 480,000 and 990,000 eggs per spawning event. Spawning seasons vary by location but generally occur between April and November. The species is a partial spawner, meaning not all mature eggs are released at once; some are reabsorbed by the female. This reproductive strategy may enhance the chances of successful fertilization and larval survival.

Currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, the False Scad maintains a stable population. However, it faces threats from overfishing and habitat degradation. The species holds significant commercial value, especially in regions from Morocco to Senegal, with annual catches ranging from 500 to 19,000 tons. Conservation efforts focus on sustainable fishing practices and habitat preservation to ensure the long-term viability of False Scad populations.